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Viscoelastic agents are also known as ophthalmic viscosurgical devices which are used to create and maintain space in the anterior chamber of the eye. Viscoelastic agents are required during implantation of an intraocular lens to protect the corneal epithelium. The viscoelastic agents are transparent gel-like substances that have elastic and viscous properties. The composition of viscoelastic agents includes sodium hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate, or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in varying concentrations. Viscoelastic agents have properties of both solids and fluids and vary among each other with respect to viscoelasticity, pseudoplasticity, viscosity and coatability or surface tension. The clinical application of each viscoelastic agents depends on its characteristics. Viscoelastic agents are used during surgery to stabilize and protect tissue from turbulence and ultrasound energy.

Lewy body dementia (LBD), also known as dementia with Lewy bodies, is the second most cause of progressive dementia in the U.S., following Alzheimer's disease. Lewy body dementia is characterized by progressive decline in mental abilities such as memory, change in alertness and attention. There are two types of Lewy body dementia, viz. dementia with Lewy body and Parkinson's disease dementia. Lewy body dementia is a progressive disease, i.e., symptoms start to show gradually and worsen with age. Progression of Lewy body dementia differs from person to person depending on age, overall health, extent of symptoms, etc. Common symptoms of Lewy body dementia include visual hallucinations, sleep difficulties, cognitive problems, poor regulation of body function, depression, apathy, etc. Typical chances of survival of patient with Lewy body dementia can be 5-7 years after the onset of symptoms. However, early diagnosis and immediate treatment may lengthen this time to 20 years. Currently, there are no treatments to cure Lewy body dementia and only symptomatic treatments are recommended. Currently available Lewy body dementia treatment may slow down the disease progression. Lewy body dementia treatment involves multidisciplinary action plans, each of which addresses management of different symptoms. For instance, melatonin and other OTC sleeping aids are recommended for treatment of sleeping disorders. Levodopa is prescribed for improvement in motor function. A comprehensive treatment plan may involve medications, physical and other types of therapy, and counseling.

Renal failure leads to patients waste their large amount of time regularly in being tethered to a dialysis machine. For patients with the end-stage renal disease, most of their life revolves around dialysis schedules. Although dialysis machines are lifesavers, much attention is not paid to them by medical device industry, in getting portable and easy-to-use. However, new portable dialysis machines may change this paradigm. Portable dialysis machines are specifically designed for home use or during traveling. Portable dialysis machines can considerably improve quality of life by allowing patients to have dialysis while going around their daily activities. Use of portable dialysis equipment can also reduce the disease burden by reducing or complete removal of dietary restrictions. Advancement in nanotechnology manufacturing coupled with miniaturization is allowing rapid development of portable medical devices such as wearable dialysis machines. Wearable dialysis machines, also called as wearable artificial kidney, are disassembled dialysis equipment, separate parts of which are fixed on to a belt which can be worn around the torso. Many portable dialysis machines are undergoing clinical trials in the U.S. Launch of this next-generation wearable or portable dialysis machines would potentially be a dawn for dialysis patients.

An artificial eye is usually attached to the anterior of the orbital implant for cosmetic purposes. An orbital implant is used to replace the area in the orbit (bony cavity) occupied by the eye. This small, spherical implant maintains the natural structure of the orbit and provides support for the artificial eye. They are rounded objects made of coral, Teflon, or alloplastic polymer and covered with sclera implanted in the orbit following enucleation. The glass or gold is placed in the muscle cone after enucleation of an eye. These small spheres of glass or gold were later replaced by plastic (acrylic) or silicone spheres. The orbital implant designed and developed to address numerous of the common problems associated with the correction of the anophthalmic socket. The device provides removal of the anterior surface of the channels in the medial, lateral and inferior quadrants.

Human non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) recording system allows recording of a continuous blood pressure signal from an adult human via a non-invasive recording system. The recording captured by the NIBP recording system provides the ability to capture continuous blood pressure data over long sampling periods easily, with increased comfort for human autonomic research. The system reliably records and monitors trends in response to stimulus and interventions on blood pressure and heart rate.

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