Acyl CoA Desaturase (Fatty Acid Desaturase or Delta 9 Desaturase or Stearoyl CoA Desaturase or SCD or EC 1.14.19.1) - Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 is a protein encoded by the SCD gene. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 plays an important enzyme in fatty acid metabolism. Alteration in SCD1 expression changes the fatty acid profile of these lipids and produces diverse effects on cellular function. High SCD1 expression is correlated with metabolic diseases such as obesity and insulin resistance, whereas low levels are protective against these metabolic disturbances. SCD1 is also involved in the regulation of inflammation and stress in distinct cell types, including B-cells, adipocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and myocytes. Complete loss of SCD1 expression has been implicated in liver dysfunction and several inflammatory diseases such as dermatitis, atherosclerosis, and intestinal colitis.