
High altitude platforms (HAPs) are systems equipped with different payloads used for applications such as surveillance, environmental monitoring, communication, and navigation. These systems are designed to stay aloft for long periods at altitudes of more than 50,000 feet. Typically, HAPs are stationed in the stratosphere layer, which are much higher than the altitude at which commercial aircraft operate. The most significant factor responsible for the growth of the HAP market is their cost effectiveness as compared to the satellite systems used for similar applications. HAPs require less operating and maintenance expenditure than satellites, and are compatible with the existing infrastructure. The government and defense sector is the largest consumer of HAPs, using them as efficient surveillance systems. High expenditure on this sector from various countries is another important factor propelling the market's growth. Furthermore, the HAPs market is also significantly driven by the rapidly increasing penetration and demand for wireless communication services worldwide. The market witnesses significant restraints from the high costs of UAV aircraft, coupled with their lower flight hours. Additionally, the market is also challenged by some of the operational issues of aerostat systems and airships.