CO2 emissions from petrochemical plants, cement factories, water desalination plants, gas flaring, and utilities in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC) are generally among the highest in the world. The six GCC members are among the top 15 countries in the world in per capita CO2 emissions from fossil fuels. Qatar ranks the highest in the world, Bahrain ranks third, while the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Kuwait are ranked fifth and sixth . Furthermore, the ‘2011 Key World Energy Statistics’ states that the Middle East accounted for 5.2 percent of CO2 emissions as of 2009.