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Personalized drugs, or customized drugs, are tailored to suit the needs of individual patients. Earlier, various patients suffering from the same type of disease were given the similar treatment plan. However, it became evident to physicians that a particular treatment worked differently for different patients, mainly owing to a varied genetic makeup. The concept of personalized medicine is based on the analysis of etiology of disease in individual patients and offers treatment that is more efficient, predictable, and precise.

Lung infections are found in larger airways (bronchitis) or in smaller air sacs (pneumonia). In lung infections, pus and fluid get built up in the airways of the lung and make it difficult to breathe. They can affect people of all ages, but the elderly and the children are at high risk for developing lung infections. Etiologies for lung infections include virus, bacteria, and mycoplasma. Symptoms for lung infections include difficulty in breathing, fever, blue-colored lips, stomach pain, chest pain, headache, loss of appetite, and vomiting.

The global mail service pharmacy market involves services related to the delivery of medication primarily through mail. It covers managed care programs that include healthcare maintenance organization and preferred provider organization. Mail service pharmacies can help save prescription co-payments, allow access to expert pharmacist advice, offer potential cost saving loyalty schemes, and reduce the risk of a patient missing their dose through methods such as medical subscriptions or reminders for purchase.

When cancer grows in the pleural space, malignant pleural effusion is caused. In this advanced state of cancer, which is frequently the factor pertaining to decreased life expectancy of the patients, fluid is accumulated between the thin layer of chest wall and pleural tissue lining of the lung. The major type of cancer that are responsible for this condition include breast, lung, and ovarian. Generally, malignant pleural effusion is symptomatic where patients experience shortness of breath, heaviness and pain in chest, dry cough, continuous felling of unwell, and inability to do physical exercise. This fluid accumulation can be detected via a simple physical examination along with x-ray of chest and is confirmed by ultrasound imaging or by the process of thoracentesis. With the exponential rise in chronic diseases such as cancer across the world, the global market for malignant pleural effusion treatment is projected to expand at a healthy CAGR during the forecast period of 2017 to 2025.

Methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) (CH3Si(OCH2CH3)3 ) is an organic compound of silicon, belonging to a class of organosilicon compounds known as silanes, which are saturated hydrosilicones and are generally stable due to their high saturation. Methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) appears to be a colorless, clear, free flowing liquid, and readily hydrolyzes when mixed with water. The hydrolysis of methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) increases in basic solutions and reduces in acidic solutions. It is produced at an industrial scale from trimethylsilyl chloride and ethanol. It has a stable tetrahedral molecular structure, with a low flashpoint that readily catches fire at temperatures beyond 23 to 25 degrees Celsius. Methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) is usually supplied at purity levels higher than 98% in the market, and is classified as a toxic chemical and may cause harm when exposed.

Albumin is a commonly found protein in the blood and constitutes around 50% of the blood protein. Microalbuminuria refers to a condition in which kidney is not able to retain serum albumin, which is essential for the kidney to maintain overall health of the body, and exerts it in the urine. During certain conditions like diabetes, especially type 1 patients, nephropathy, and other nephrotic syndromes, the chances of microalbuminuria is escalated. A research by British Medical Journal on diabetic children with type 1 diabetes revealed that 26% of the all the diabetic children had microalbuminuria, of which nearly 48% of the children had persistent microalbuminuria which is highly likely to lead to further worsening of the conditions in a few years.

A microtome is a tool used to cut materials into extremely thin slices. In medical science, microtomes are used in microscopy, aiding in the preparation of samples for observation under transmitted light or electron radiation. Since the tissue is first required to be dehydrated and fixed with paraffin before sectioning it to a microtome, which increases the time required for analysis since the sectioning cannot be performed under treatment is performed, the alternative concept of cryostats has been developed. Cryostats, which are flask-like vessels wherein water is freezed and then thin sections are cut with microtome placed within the chamber, are used in case quick sectioning is required. Though cryostats offer quick sectioning of tissues, they provide inferior quality of sections when compared to those cut using microtome.

Liquid analyzers comprise instruments or analytical products that find use in the determination of chemical composition of the substances. They are normally used to analyze the substances that are directly involved in an industrial chemical process. Liquid analyzers can also be used for measuring physical parameters of fluids. This includes helping to define and measure the composition of a given liquid sample. Currently, a wide range of liquid analyzers are available in the market, service a diverse array of applications and hence are gaining large volumes of demanded across all regions.

Laboratory isolators are used to provide aseptic processing and accelerate microbiological control in the laboratory and other healthcare facilities. The range of use of lab isolators can be diversified through clinics, pharmaceutical industries, and other minority usage scopes. In addition, laboratory isolators also permit aseptic operations and sterility testing for laboratory processes through continuous contaminant removal processes. These isolators are also used in several healthcare facilities including pharmaceutical industries, clinics, laboratory, and research facilities.

Laboratory ovens used in the processes of processing, drying, sterilization, and testing. It is primarily used to sterilize glassware equipment or sample equipment using convection heating, where the heating element is fixed in an envelope independent from the outer heating agents. Having an external heating element facilitates a more accurate temperature for the sterilization and also prevents the sample from getting burnt or denatured. The laboratory ovens can accomplish reaching the necessary heats due to gravitational or mechanical convection methods.