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The term sterilization refers to any procedure that helps in destroying all forms of microbial life and transmissible agents. Transmissible agents are bacteria, fungi, spore forms and virus. These micro-organisms and transmissible agents are present on the surface of medical instruments, contained in medication, fluid and biological culture media. Sterilization helps in making these culture media infection free by applying heat, pressure, chemical and filtration. This process disables the infectious protein like prions of the micro-organism and hence results in infection free medium.

MEMS combo (combination) sensors combine multiple sensing capabilities in a single device. These sensors are manufactured with micromanufacturing technology and have gained significant traction with device makers in recent years. These sensors combine two or more sensors, such as gyroscopes, accelerometers, magnetometer, pressure sensor and compasses, in a single device. Combo sensors can be 6-axis or 9-axis depending on the integration of sensors in the package.

Gesture recognition enables users to control their smart TVs with hand gestures. Gestures can be divided into two types; gestures emulating computer mouse and extended gestures. Smart TV gesture recognition is a system is basically used to provoke a better utilizing experience in terms of interactive communication and connectivity between the machine and human. Systems those are created to the integrated gesture and voice control in it from a normal smart TV have a longer duration.

Since past few years, there has been noteworthy growth in mobile devices. Organizations become more open towards the adoption of innovative technological components. Technology in BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) has played an important role to enable workers and employees to use their favored devices. Some of the key drivers of this market include reduced cost of hardware for enterprise, high penetration of smartphone and high usage popularity among regions, enterprise and verticles. However, security risk, and governance and compliance issues are the factors restraining the market growth.

Satellite backhaul for wireless and cellular services is being used to expand network coverage over remote and difficult locations. Backhaul via satellite also finds application in emergency communications, backup networks, off-loading cellular traffic and temporary solution in region where cell-towers have not been deployed. The demand for wireless backhaul via satellite is driven by the universal need to stay connected. Further, satellite backhauls are often cheaper than microwave or fiber networks in remote geographical locations.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a type of skin disorder in which the skin becomes dry, itchy and inflamed. Scratching of the skin leads to redness, swelling, scaling, cracking, weeping and crusting. Though, this condition is most common in infants and children, also affects adult population. AD is considered as idiopathic, a disease without a known cause, and is likely to be caused by both genetic as well as environmental factors. Many persons with AD have been found with a family history of atopy. People living in dry climate are more likely to get affected. Generally, people with AD develop asthma and hay fever.

Teleprotection systems prevent failure and damage to systems by disconnecting the faulty part automatically and often remotely. Teleprotection has gained significant traction around utilities and telecom. There is an increased demand for teleprotected grids. Ageing grid infrastructures, improved communication systems and protocols, demand for reducing transmission and distribution losses along others are driving the growth of teleprotection market. Emerging opportunities for teleprotection systems lie in aerospace and defense sector. However, high cost factor, lack of interoperability standards can be a restraint to the growth of teleprotection market.

Magnetic sensors are the sensors which are mostly used in security purposes. These sensors are often referred to as switches or contacts. They are usually placed on doors, windows or other access points from where they are not visible to others. Magnetic sensors are also used for linear angle and position measurement in automotive, speed, linear position, rotational speed, consumer and industrial applications. Magnetic sensors have applications in various fields including global positioning system, satellite system, nanotechnology, biomedical and many others. Some more classified applications of magnetic sensors include appliances, commercial, instrumentation, motion control, InfoTech and others.

Hydrocracking process is used in the refinery for the conversion of heavy oil feedstock into high quality lighter fuel products such as gasoline, naptha, kerosene and diesel. It is a two step process. In the first step, polyaromatic compounds such as sulphur and organic nitrogen are converted to hydrogen sulphide and ammonia. The organic nitrogen present in the feedstock would otherwise hinder the activity of cracking catalyst. In second step, high molecular weight hydrocarbons are cracked first in comparison to other hydrocarbons. The product yield and properties are determined by the type of feedstock, the process conditions and the cracking catalyst selectivity. Various types of feedstock are processed in hydrocrackers, including vacuum gas oils, atmospheric gas oils, deasphalted oil and thermally cracked gas oils.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is biodegradable linear polyesters produced naturally by the chemical reaction of bacterial fermentation on lipids or sugar. PHAs can be combined with a wide array of monomers which results in the formation of different types of materials exhibiting a variety of properties. PHAs are used in several applications including packaging of food & beverages and cosmetics, bio-medical applications and agricultural films among others.