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Cellulosic ethanol which is manufactured using inedible parts of plants, wood and grasses is a biofuel. Lignocellulose basically is a structural material that consists of mass of plants such as hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin. Wood chips, panicum virgatum and some byproducts of tree maintenance are various cellulosic materials used for production of ethanol. Ethanol production form lignocellulose has advantage of abundant raw materials than other sources which include cane sugars and corn. These sources require large amount of processing to provide the microorganisms with sugar monomers that produce ethanol. Owing to high productivity per acre, switchgrass and miscanthus are the key raw materials which are studied in recent times. The two ways in which ethanol can be produced are gasification and fermentation process. The gasification process transforms the lignocellulose raw material into hydrogen and gaseous carbon monoxide. The other process is cellulolysis process in which hydrolysis is carried on pretreated lignocellulosic raw materials with the help of enzymes to break the complex cellulose into sugars that include glucose, which is followed by distillation and fermentation.

Shale Gas production was 10,138.2 Bcf in 2012 and is expected to reach 17,201.6 Bcf by 2019, growing at a CAGR of 7.9% from 2013 to 2019.

Anti-reflective coatings or anti-reflection (AR) coatings belong to the group of optical coatings which are applied on the surface of lenses and other optical devices for the purpose of reducing reflection. AR coatings typically comprise of single or multiple layers of transparent, silica materials piled together depending upon the end-user application. They are widely employed in the manufacturing of optical devices to improve their transmission and reflection properties. AR coatings are also used in complex systems such as telescopes for the reduction of reflections, improving the contrast of the image with the elimination of stray light. They are also consumed in eyeglass lenses, primarily for the elimination of the reflection to reduce the glint from binoculars. Some major applications for AR coatings include infrastructure, defense/security, electronics, and solar among others.

The global expenditure over military communication has crossed a trillion mark, as huge investment is made by federal government to adopt innovative communication solutions in different government departments. Interoperability and bertter security of military services are the factors driving the market growth. Military communication market includes advanced components and technologies.

Enterprise content management (ECM) is related to storing and organizing the documents as well as other contents related to different processes of an organization. ECM strategies and tools allow the management of an unstructured information of an organization. ECM streamline access to different records through full text search and keyword search that allows employees to get the information they need from their desktops within few seconds instead searching paper records or multiple applications.

Paraffin is a colorless, soft solid substance derived from petroleum that consists of various hydrocarbons. It is manufactured by the process of refining crude oil to gasoline. Paraffin is available in three forms which include scale, semi-refined and fully refined. The applications of paraffin include packaging, candles, cosmetics, building materials, inks, PVC, polishes, rubber and tires.

Chemical sensors are devices that transform chemical information or data into analytical signals. Commonly chemical signals are in the form of concentration of a sample, component fractions and others. These signals may originate from a reaction or from the physical property of the material to be analyzed. These sensors differ from physical sensors as they analyze chemical, properties, component fraction, signal processing, sample transport and sampling whereas physical sensors provides information of physical properties.

The global Femtocells Market was USD 420 million in 2012 and is expected to reach USD 4,706 million in 2019; growing at a CAGR of 37.1% from 2013 to 2019. In recent years, increasing femtocell deployments by a large number of mobile operators such as Sprint, Verizon and AT&T in North America, helped North America to dominate the market in 2012. Europe was the second largest market for femtocells as a large number of operators including Vodafone and Telefonica Group have rolled out femtocell services in this region.

The global Mobile Wallet Market is expected to reach USD 1,602.4 billion by 2018, growing at a CAGR of 30.7% from 2012 to 2018. EMEA (Europe, the Middle East and Africa) is expected to be the largest market for the mobile wallet industry in 2018.

The global Medical Waste Management Market was valued at USD 14.5 billion in 2012 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.8% from 2013 to 2019, to reach an estimated value of USD 20.1 billion by 2019.