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Pharmacogenomics deals with the study of inherited variations in human genes that affect an individual’s reaction to a particular drug. It co-integrates the genetic sciences with pharmaceutical science. Thus, it is the science of individualizing the drug, which is based on individual’s genetic makeup. And, many times pharmacogenomics are linked to personalized medicine, as the environmental conditions, genetic variations, and changing lifestyle greatly influence the type and severity of diseases as well as therapeutic responses that varies from person to person. In pharmacogenomics, various genetic tests are performed that determine or assist in targeted drug therapies as well as treatment procedures to be adopted so as to minimize side-effects and improve results. The genetic tests performed in pharmacogenomics also help to determine an individual’s susceptibility to certain diseases. Presently, pharmacogenomics is being considered to bring a new change in medicine and healthcare as it promises to offer better, safer as well as affordable healthcare.

Apoptosis is the death of cell in a programmed fashion that is observed largely in multicellular organisms. This programmed cell death occurs in a cascade of biochemical events which include blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation and chromosomal fragmentation. Anywhere between 50 and 70 billion cells die each day due to apoptosis in the average human adult. This cascade has been hypothesized to be exploited as an ideal method of anti-cancer strategy traditionally by inducing DNA damage with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

For effective exploration and production of oil and gas, each step of the oil supply chain involves the requirement of complex machinery. Drill subs are an integral part of drilling activity which is primarily used to screw together the different parts of drilling string. A drill string is an essential part of drilling process that transmits drilling fluid to the drill bit. Drill strings come in different sizes and have a varying thread size and design. Drill subs are used to join together the parts of drilling string that cannot be screwed due to the difference in sizes. The drilling subs are used as an adapter between two different connection types in the same drill string. Technological advancements in drilling equipments have enabled the development of non-conventional resources such as shale gas and tight oil. The market for drill subs is expected to rise at a substantial pace owing to increased drilling activities, especially in offshore locations.

With the advent of emission regulation policies, such as the Euro standards in Europe, National Ambient Air Quality Standards in the USA and Bharat Stage emission standards in India, there has been a revolution in the production of emission control equipments, specifically catalyst based. Catalysts are used in gasoline or diesel based internal combustion engines. At the onset of the environmental emission regulations, catalysts were only made compulsory for automobiles but with the progress in technology and extent of emissions from production facilities across the world, catalysts were considered necessary for industrial and power plants as well. Emissions occurring from automobiles, heavy duty equipments and industrial plants, besides containing carbon dioxide, also possess certain other compounds, such as carbon monoxide, nitrous oxides and unburnt or partially burnt fuels, which are extremely hazardous for the environment. The regulations have been put in place to curb the emission of such compounds in order to protect the ecology. Catalysts curb the emission of such compounds, convert them to non-hazardous materials and then release them into the atmosphere.

Drill pipe is a hollow, thick walled pipe used for carrying out horizontal drilling to facilitate the drilling process on a wellbore. A single length drill pipe comprises a hollow tube typically long in height with considerable wall thickness and a tool joint connection at both ends. Since drill pipe is subjected to torsional stresses and fatigue at the time of drilling operations it is seamless in nature and is heat-treated to meet API specifications.

The growing demand of LNG in the global energy portfolio has led to the development of many essential types of equipment in the LNG value chain. The market for natural gas is slowly expanding and the LNG trade is anticipated to grow at a rapid rate owing to increased natural gas production. LNG compressors are vital equipments used in the LNG liquefaction process. These systems are installed before refrigeration process in the LNG plant and are also known as refrigeration compressors. With increasing LNG contracts, it is essential that LNG operators achieve the lowest possible delivery costs by attaining larger economies of scale and optimizing reliability. Advanced LNG compressors reduce the liquefaction time and thus provide cost reduction opportunities to LNG operators. The market for LNG compressors is expected to grow at a rapid rate in future owing to increased natural gas production from unconventional sources and offshore locations.

Increasing drilling activities due to the increased investments in oil and gas exploration and production activities is accelerating the drilling market. This will ultimately increase the demand of packers. The market is expected to grow during the forecast period as the drilling activities are expected to increase across the globe. Oil and gas exploration and production companies are investing heavily to explore and drill offshore deep water and ultra deep water reserves that are unexplored. Depleting onshore reserves and attractive rate of returns from abundant offshore deep water reserves has shifted the focus of exploration companies from onshore to offshore reserves.

The importance of medical imaging systems is growing day by day owing to their increasing applications in the field of neurology, cardiology and in women's health. This is also increasing burden on the service providers who are dependent on their fixed imaging modalities, thus arising the need for the mobile medical imaging systems. Mobile imaging services are technologically identical to fixed imaging systems, albeit with some physical differences. The mobile imaging systems are designed to be installed in large vans/trailers that operate as mobile scanning rooms and can be taken to various sites offering extended care. These mobile trailers are outfitted with operator workstations, proper magnetic shielding, and other peripherals for suitable operation. Imaging modalities like mammography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and now even positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) are the ones that are used in the mobile trailers in addition to some of the non-imaging modalities such as cardiac catheterization and lithotripsy units. These outsourced radiology imaging services are majorly concentrated in the U.S. and to some extent in Europe. Hospitals largely contribute in adopting these mobile vehicles on rent for a short period of time and accordingly perform procedures on patients.

Global probiotics demand was worth USD 27.9 billion in 2011 and is expected to reach USD 44.9 billion in 2018, growing at a CAGR of 6.8% from 2013 to 2018. Asia-Pacific and Europe dominate the global market in terms of demand, while Asia-Pacific is also expected to be the most promising market in the near future.

Transparency Market Research has released a new market research report titled “Nuclear Turbine Generator Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast 2014 - 2020.” According to the report, the global nuclear turbine generator market was valued at USD 7,006.1 million in 2013 and is likely to reach USD 15,616.7 million by 2020, growing at a CAGR of 12.0% from 2014 to 2020.