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Pearlescent pigments are fluorescent or phosphorescent-based pigments, also known as shine pigments. The basic difference between a pigment and dye is that a pigment is insoluble in water and most solvents, while dyes are soluble in liquids. Pigment coated surfaces are more resistant than dye coated surfaces. Pearlescent pigments exhibit pearl like shine when applied on surfaces and coated with metallic oxide or mica. These pigments have a transparent appearance and higher refractive coefficient. Inherent properties of these pigments include high resistance to acid, temperature and ultraviolet radiations. Unique properties of these materials make them suitable for use across a wide array of applications. Addition of pearlescent pigment in any colour produces different visual effects or metallic shade finish, which makes them highly preferable in the coatings industry.

Expandable polystyrene (EPS) is a thermoplastic resin that contains an expanding agent. It is used in various applications ranging from food packaging to electrical coatings and medical supplies. It is environment-friendly as it does not involve any halogen during its production process. The global expandable polystyrene market is growing at an exponential rate as it caters to the demand of various industry verticals through sustainable development. Expandable polystyrene has an added advantage over moulded pulp. Moulded pulp, though recyclable, requires a certain amount of natural gas in the drying process, and it naturally weighs more, resulting into increased packaging and transportation cost. On the other hand, EPS meets most of the sustainable packaging criteria. It emits less greenhouse gases when compared to moulded pulp. Taking these benefits into account, governments as well as companies are shifting the packaging market towards the expandable polystyrene segment. The global expandable polystyrene market had witnessed 1.5X times growth in between 2000 and 2010.

Emission control and reduction are among the priorities of all the commercial, industrial, and government sector companies. Growing concerns towards mitigation of the ill effects of carbon emissions or pollution are leading to manufacturing and process industries adopting new methods, technologies, materials, and processes. Emission control catalysts are used in catalytic convertors to lessen harmful emissions to the environment. A catalytic convertor houses a typical honeycomb structure coated with emission control catalysts such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium. Emission control catalysts can be segmented on the basis of their application as mobile and stationary.

Under the purview of energy, coal bed methane primarily refers to the natural gas or methane recovery from un-mined coal seams and adjacent sandstones. Such methane recovery usually occurs prior to mining, whereas in some cases, coal seams remain un-mined and methane recovery from such sites is known as virgin coal bed methane. Coal bed methane recovery from un-mined coal mines is of strategic importance as absolute or maximum drainage of the methane seam is necessary to avoid the risk of explosion as well as mitigate the emission of methane in the atmosphere from coal mining operations. From the estimated global coal bed methane reserve of about 4,000 Tcf to 5,000 Tcf, about 20% to 25% is recoverable.

A turbocharger is a type of forced induction system that utilises energy of exhaust gases from the engines via a turbine. This helps in the induction of an ample volume of air into combustion chamber. The power output of the engine can be enhanced by increasing the volume of inlet fuel air mixture, which could be easily achieved with use turbochargers. It utilises the energy of exhaust gases from the engine to compress the inlet air and feed it into the engine to create a better air to fuel ratio. Turbochargers are considered one of the most important automotive accessories in today's time not only to boost acceleration, but to increase the efficiency of the engines in terms of power and output.

The term 'enhanced oil recovery' (EOR) refers to the technology used to extract crude oil that cannot be extracted through conventional technologies from oil reservoirs. It is also termed as tertiary recovery process as it takes place after primary and secondary oil recoveries. Oil extracted via primary recovery accounts for 5% to 15% of the total reservoir while secondary recovery can extract about 20% to 60% of the total oil present in the reservoir. By installing enhanced oil recovery technology, 35% to 75% oil can easily be extracted from the oil reservoir.

Automotive night vision systems play a major role in preventing accidents. Globally, they are currently becoming an important feature in passenger cars. Due to its ability to the reach beyond the vehicle's headlights, an automotive night vision system is used to enhance a driver's perception in darkness and poor visibility weather conditions. The night vision system warns the driver if an animal or a pedestrian is present in the danger zone by projecting a red image in front of the vehicle. The length and width of the danger zone depends on the speed of the vehicle. Automotive night vision systems are also deployed in military ground transport vehicles such as tanks, trucks, humvees, and armoured personnel carriers. According to the changing end user needs, different technologies have evolved in automotive night vision systems.

Performance coatings are varnishes used to enhance the performance of surfaces and are resistant to high temperatures, corrosion and abrasion. A performance coating is an affordable option for delivering cosmetically engaging, durable finishes to a product. It is an effective technology that is environment-friendly and comes in a variety of colour combinations. It can also be used in minute-sized components. Performance coatings satisfy the primer coat as well as basecoat requirements.

Industrial pumps find application in various industries and play an essential role in moving an assortment of fluids from one location to another. Industrial pumps come in a variety of shapes, sizes and capacities. Industrial pumps are broadly segmented as centrifugal pumps (also called roto-dynamic pumps) and positive displacement pumps. Centrifugal pumps comprise axial, mixed-flow and radial types. Positive displacement pumps include piston, screw, sliding vane and rotary lobe types. Conformance to performance standards and reliability of these pumps is very crucial. For instance, pump failure in a cooling system can result in overheating and substantial damage to equipment.

One of the main goals of automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) is toreducethe fuel consumption of vehicles. This can be achieved with the help of advanced gasoline injection technologies. Gasoline injection technologies are classified on the basis of commonly available variants, i.e. multi point fuel injection (MPFI) and gasoline direct injection (GDI). Gasoline injection technologies have evolved from simple carburetor injections to MPFI to GDI.