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Cancer is a disease of genes which are caused due to abnormal growth of cells. These abnormal cells further migrate from the original site to other site through blood and lymph system. Lung cancer is one of the types of cancer formed in tissues of the lungs. Lung cancer is a malignant lung carcinoma characterized by abnormal cell growth in lung tissue. Lung cancer decreases the lung ability to provide oxygen to bloodstream. Some of the major symptoms of lung cancer include body mucus, coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing, appetite loss, weight loss and chest pain. Cigarette smoking is the prominent cause of lung cancer. Pipe and cigar smoking are some other causes of lung cancer. Lung cancer is treated through surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy and vaccine therapy. The primary lung carcinomas originate from epithelial cells. Non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer and lung carcinoid tumor are three different types of lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer and it grows slowly compared to other type of lung cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma are subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer is also known as oat cell cancer and comprises small cell carcinoma and combined small cell carcinoma. Lung carcinoid tumors are uncommon type of tumor which begins in lungs and are made up of neuroendocrine cells. Some of the drugs used to treat non-small cell lung cancer include avastin, gemzar, taxotere and tarceva.

Travelling has increased to a great extent with the rise in urbanization and leisure activities. People are becoming more inclined toward branded and fashionable travel accessories including luggage. The present day meaning of luggage has changed from traditional clothes packing medium to a more comfortable, convenient and multi-usage travel-companion. Luggage has now become a part of travel apparel which defines personality of the traveler. Nowadays, apart from clothes, luggage bag includes shoes, laptops, camera and related electronic accessories, food items, water bottles, and business files.

Cancer is a disease of genes caused by uncontrolled growth of cells. These uncontrolled cells further migrate from the original site to other site through blood and lymph system. There are various type of cancer such as adrenal cancer, leukemia, bone cancer, blood cancer and others. Leukemia is a type of cancer which is formed in blood tissues. Leukemia occurs in bone marrow which is a soft tissue. Leukemia develops by the uncontrolled growth of blood cells in the bone marrow. Leukemia is also defined as a cancer of white blood cells. White blood cells prevent from various infections. Leukemia may be acute or chronic and it also affects red blood cells and platelets. Some of the common symptoms of leukemia include fever, night sweats, weight loss, enlarged liver, frequent infections and swollen lymph nodes. Acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia are some of the different types of leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia is most prominent in adult people and it is also known as acute myelogenous leukemia. Chronic myeloid leukemia is also known as chronic myelogenous leukemia. Leukemia therapeutics consists of three steps including induction therapy, consolidation therapy and maintenance therapy. Leukemia therapeutic includes chemotherapy, radiation and stem cell transplantation. Leukemia is diagnosed through physical test, blood test and biopsy. Leukemia is also diagnosed by cytogenetics, spinal tap and chest-X ray as suggested by the doctors.

Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor on the inner wall of the large intestine. This is due to the abnormal growth of cells which have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. The common causes of colorectal cancer are inflammatory bowel disease and genetic inheritance. The common symptoms of colorectal cancer include fatigue, diarrhea or constipation, shortness of breath, weakness, change in bowel habits, red or dark blood in stool, cramps, narrow stools, weight loss, abdominal pain, and bloating. These symptoms may develop several years after the formation of the tumor. Various stages for colorectal cancer are: stage 0, cancer in very early stages present in the innermost layer of the intestine; stage I, cancer present in the inner layers of colon; stage II, cancer spreads through muscle wall of colon; stage III, cancer spreads to lymph nodes, stage IV, cancer spreads to other organs. Some of the drugs in the pipeline for colorectal cancer therapeutics are Lonsurf, CYRAMZA (ramucirumab), TS-1/Teysuno, CPP-1X (eflornithine hydrochloride), MelCancerVac, Xilonix, and Nintedanib. There are various medications such as chemotherapy drugs, immunotherapy, and leucovorin (chemoprotectant) that can be used to treat colorectal cancer. Chemotherapy drugs for the treatment of colorectal cancer include antimetabolities such as fluorouracil and capecitabine. Monoclonal antibodies used in immunotherapy as part of the treatment of colorectal cancer are bevacizumab, cetuximab, and panitumumab.

Packaging is the process of enclosing or protecting finished goods or products for distribution, storage, sale, and end use. Rigid packaging is ideal for transportation across longer distances as it helps keep finished products safer for longer. It is used to package goods in different forms such as bottles, cans, ampules, aerosol containers, aluminum bottles, and jars. Rigid plastic packaging has properties such as high impact strength, high stiffness, and high barrier properties. These, in turn, have expanded the market for rigid plastic packaging in recent years.

Drug delivery refers to formulations, approaches, and technologies used to deliver drugs or chemical substances in the body. This can be for diagnosis, treatment, cure, or prevention of various diseases such as diabetes, viral and bacterial diseases, gastrointestinal illnesses, and allergies. Silicone, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane, acrylate hydrogels, and other biodegradable substances are the materials commonly used to manufacture drug delivery systems.

Bauxite popularly known as aluminum ore is the major source of aluminum. Bauxite is a mixture of minerals such as gibbsite, boehmite and diaspore, iron oxides such as goethite and hematite, clay mineral kaolinite and some amounts of anatase. Bauxite are found majorly in the tropical and sub-tropical regions such as Africa, West Indies, South America, Australia, Asian countries such as India and China and some parts of Europe (in small quantity). Australia is the largest producer and exporter of bauxite globally, with five bauxite mine contributing more than one fourth of the global bauxite production. There are five steps involved in the extraction of bauxite starting with preparation of bauxite area, secondly, bauxite mining, crushing, ore transportation and lastly rehabilitation of land. On an average one square meter of land can extract one metric ton of aluminum.

Bone glues are adhesives derived from animal sources such as bone and skins. Bone glues are safe and eco-friendly collagen. Bone glues are obtained from the bovine bone and dried swim bladder of fish. The common procedure for the production of bone glues comprises of the procurement of animal bones and further treatment for extraction of collagen. Collagens are obtained through washing, boiling under pressure and de-mineralization of animal bones. Bone glues are biodegradable and also an alternative for conventional adhesives. There is no need to remove them once they are healed. Bone glues are used in orthopaedic surgery especially for the fixation of fractures. Gelatin, a form of animal glues is used for making capsules and for vitamin embedding. People suffering from arthritis use gelatine capsules as supplement. Gelatin also supports the growth of skin, hail and nail. It is also used for anti aging treatments. Some of the side effects of gelatine supplements are stomach problem, burping and bloating. Soft and hard gelatin capsules are two important types of gelatin capsules which are used in pharmaceuticals. Bone glues and gelatin are also used in food and beverages, photography, breweries industry and book publishing.

Cataract refers to an eye disease in which eye lens becomes cloudy or opaque, which results decrease in vision. Cataract surgery is a procedure to remove natural lens of the eye with an artificial lens. Cataract surgery is used to treat clouded lens (cataract) from the eye. Rise in aging population and increasing adoption of femtosecond lasers for cataract surgery are some of the key factors which drive the growth of the femtosecond lasers for cataract surgery market. Femtosecond lasers for cataract surgery provide surgeons a safety and improved surgical precision. Some of the signs and symptoms of cataract are blurred vision, dull color vision, double vision in one eye, difficult with glare and increased nearsightedness.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) refers to a type of retrovirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV attacks some immune cells and causes weakness of immune system resulting in loss of ability to fight against the organism that causes disease. HIV spreads through fluidic exchange with some infected person such as blood transfer or sharing needles with someone who is HIV infected. In addition, HIV can spread from infected mother to child during pregnancy. Some of the symptoms of HIV infection are slight fever, fatigue, swollen glands, headaches and muscle aches. HIV infection has no cure but there are treatments which help to stabilize or reduce this infection so that it does not lead to AIDS. HIV therapeutics market is growing at a significant rate due to increase in the HIV infected cases and growing awareness about the same. HIV infection can be treated by various therapeutics such as nucleoside/ nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, integrase inhibitor, HIV-1 protease inhibitor, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, pharmacokinetic enhancer and entry inhibitor.