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Coolant is used in almost all major automobiles ranging from small engine motor bikes to heavy duty commercial vehicles. Coolants are used for three major functions: cool down engine parts to avoid over heating during use of the automobiles; to maintain minimum temperature level of engine and avoid freezing when the vehicle is unused for long duration, especially in cold climates and to prevent corrosion of the metal machinery of the automobile.

Road maintenance is very important in order to keep the road in its originally constructed condition, protect its close resources and user safety and provide smooth and convenient travel along the route. A proper maintenance of the road is required as it is impossible to build maintenance free roads. With the help of road maintenance machinery, roads can be maintained for a longer period of time.

Linen fabric is made from the fibers of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum). Textiles made up of linen fibbers are natural absorbent and known for their exceptional coolness and freshness in hot weather. some of the major product made up of linen fibbers include, aprons, towels (swimming, beach, bath, wash towels, and body), bags, napkins, tablecloths, bed linens, runners, chair covers, and men's & women's wear.

Equipments or device containing an electronic circuit board manufactured for everyday use are known as consumer electronic. Consumer electronics are primarily manufactured for the purpose of entertainment, communication and increasing productivity. Consumer electronics products are based on digital technology and are referred as completing the consumerization (reorientation of product and service designs around the individual end user) of information technology in the global market. Many consumer electronic products provide internet connectivity using technologies such as Wi-Fi, bluetooth or ethernet (computer networking technologies for local area networking (LANs) and larger networks). Traditionally, products such as TVs or Hi-Fi equipment were not associated with computer use. With technological advancement, these products are now manufactured with facilities that provide options to the end-users to connect to the internet or to a computer using a home network to provide access to digital content.

An allergy is a hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system. Allergic reactions occur when a person's immune system reacts to harmless substances called allergens in the environment. Major allergens that affect the immune system are dust mites excretion, pollen, and pet dander. There are different kinds of allergies such as food allergy, skin allergy, dust allergy, allergy to insect stings, drug allergy, and mold allergy. Food allergy is usually caused by the consumption of certain proteins found in food, and can trigger symptoms such as hives and digestive problems. Skin allergy may occur due to medication, immune system disorders, and infections, and can trigger symptoms such as itchy, red, swollen, bumpy, and scaly skin. Dust allergy is caused by dust mites, pollen, pet hair, mold, and cockroaches, and can trigger asthama symptoms. Allergy to insect stings can cause pain, swelling, and redness at the site of the sting. Drug allergy is caused by an allergic reaction of to certain ingredients in drugs, and can trigger symptoms such as skin rash, hives, itchy eyes, and facial swelling. Mold allergy is caused by the spores of small fungi floating through the air, and can trigger symptoms such as watery eyes, runny nose, itchy mouth and sneezing. People can develop allergies at any age, although, young children are highly susceptible to allergic diseases. Some of the common symptoms of allergy are red eyes, itchiness, swelling, runny nose, and asthma attacks. Allergy diagnostics refers to determining the nature of the allergic disease and deciding on its course of treatment. Major tests used for the diagnosis of allergies are skin prick, intradermal, blood, and patch tests.

Autoimmune diseases are diseases that occur due to damage caused to healthy body tissue by the individual's own immune system. Immune system disorder either causes over activity or low activity of the immune system. Most autoimmune diseases are chronic and have no permanent cure. Agents such as bacteria, viruses, toxins, and blood and tissue from outside the body, produce antigens which can lead to autoimmune diseases. Antibodies produced by the immune system protect the body from the harmful effects of these antigens, which can affect multiple body parts or tissues. Autoimmune diseases result in abnormal growth of the organ, destruction of body tissues, and changes in the functions of the organ. The areas commonly affected by autoimmune diseases are blood vessels, connective tissues, joints, muscles, and red blood cells (RBCs). Addison's disease, celiac disease, dermatomyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disorders, type 1 diabetes, and multiple sclerosis are some common autoimmune diseases. A person may suffer from multiple autoimmune diseases at the same time. Prevalence of autoimmune disease in women is more compare to men.

Electronic adhesives are a part of the electronic components used in the manufacture and assembly of electronic circuits and products. They are mainly used in wire tacking, binding the surface-mount components, and encapsulating components. Raw materials used in the production of electronic adhesives include silicones, epoxies, polysulfides, polyurethanes, and cyanoacrylates.

Commodity chemicals (bulk chemicals) are a group of chemicals that are made on a very large scale and act as intermediates to produce other chemicals, which, in turn are used to produce a extensive range of end-user products including construction materials, adhesives, plastics, apparel and tires. Commodity chemicals are the largest sub-segment of the chemical industry. Commodity chemicals are commonly traded under broad categories such as organics, inorganics, plastics resins, synthetic rubbers, fibers, films, explosives and petrochemicals. These broad categories include chemicals such as, acetic acid, acetone, acrylate esters, adipic acid, acrylonitrate, benzene, bisphenol, butadiene, butanediol, butyl acetate, hexane, melamine, polyvinyl chloride, propylene, methanol, methyl, glycol and glycerines. These chemical are very low in product differentiation, and hence making price the dominant economic factor in purchasing decisions for the end users.

The liver is one of the most important organs of the human body and performs major functions, such as removal of harmful substances from blood, maintains adequate level of chemicals in the body and stores nutrients for all cellular and biological activities. Improper functioning of liver cause many severe diseases, such as hepatitis A, B, C, Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and tumors. Some inherited diseases, such as Wilson's Disease, Alagille Syndrome and Hemochromatosis are also occurred by improper functioning of liver. Some of the major reasons for improper functioning of liver are genetic disorder, excessive alcohol consumption and obesity. Some of these may also lead to permanent damage of liver.

Stem cells are most vital cells found in both humans and non-human animals. Stem cells are also known as centerpiece of regenerative medicine. Regenerative medicines have capability to grow new cells and replace damaged and dead cells. Stem cell is the precursors of all cells in the human body. It has the ability to replicate itself and repair and replace other damaged tissues in the human body. In addition, stem cell based therapies are used in the treatment of several chronic diseases such as cancer and blood disorders.