
In the beginning of the 21st century, governments of developed & developing regions had imposed several stringent regulations over the industrial sector and had taken initiatives to support sustainability development. As a result, the industrial sector took several steps, such as the restructuring of manufacturing plants and manufacturing processes, restricting the use of toxic chemicals and development of products, to support sustainability development and comply with government regulations. Along with this, manufacturers started optimizing processes and increasing the recycling rate and utilization of cost-effective products. In the industrial sector, pipes are imperative for the transportation of utilities, chemicals, and water and bulk materials, among others. In several industries, such as chemicals, oil & gas, and polymer & plastic, pipes are used to handle high – moderate pressure stream, corrosive liquids and toxic chemicals, among other, owing to which pipes often corrode or may fracture, leading to economic losses. For instance, in 2013, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation companies' Donghuang II oil pipeline exploded. The under-ground pipeline had corroded, which led to a spillage, and caused around US$ 124 Mn loss with around 64 fatalities.