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Medical gases are any gaseous substance that meets medical purity standards and has application in a medical environment. Some of the medical gases are oxygen, carbon dioxide, medical air and nitrous oxide. Medical oxygen is an essential element to support respiration. Medical oxygen is widely used in the management of various acute and chronic health conditions. Medical oxygen is used for aid resuscitation, aid cardiovascular stability and provides life support for artificial ventilated patient. In addition, medical oxygen provides basis for modern anesthetic techniques. Medical oxygen also helps to restore tissue oxygen tension in conditions such as cardiac and respiratory arrest, cyanosis, COPD, shock, carbon monoxide poisoning, major trauma and severe hemorrhage. Medical oxygen is used in a hospital setting or pre-hospital setting to manage emergency situations. It is also used in the home setting to manage long-term health conditions.

Washing and cleaning products are the substances generally liquid, powder, sprays or granules which are used to remove dirt, including dust, stains, bad smells and clutter on surfaces. Cleaning agents are normally in the form of acidic, alkaline or neutral depending on the use. The acidic washing agents are mostly used for cleaning deposits such as scaling. The active ingredients are usually strong mineral acids and chelants. Alkaline washing and cleaning products consist of strong bases like sodium hydroxide as it dissolves oil, grease, fats and proteins based deposits. Whereas, neutral washing products are those whose pH value is neutral and are made from different ionic-compound which are used to clean different types of dirt.

Toilet care products are used in cleaning of toilet in home, hotels and commercial buildings. Various toilet care products are toilet care powder, toilet care gel, toilet care freshener, toilet care liquid, toilet care bar, toilet care foam, toilet cleaning brush, toilet paper, toilet wipes, in-cistern devices, ITBs and toilet cleaning system. Due to the nature of toilet care products, which combat germs and bacteria, sales of toilet care products is strongly driven by the consumer preference for disposable and hassle-free products. This trend is also supported by housewives who wanted to shorten their cleaning time, so that they had more free time to do other things.

Superabsorbent polymers also known as SAPs are polymers (polymers are large molecule or macromolecule which is composed of many repeated subunits such as polystyrene or natural biopolymers (DNA and proteins) these substances are fundamental to biological structure and function) that can absorb and retain extremely large amounts of a liquid compared to their own mass. Polymers (natural and synthetic) are created by the process of polymerization of many small molecules such as monomers (molecule that can chemically bind two or more molecules to form a polymer). Superabsorbent has the ability to absorb water is due to the property of ionic concentration of the aqueous solution. Water-absorbing polymers known as hydrogels, which when cross-linked absorb aqueous solutions through hydrogen bonding with water molecules.

Street light is a raised source of light on the edge of a road, which is mainly used to provide light. Street lighting plays a crucial role in the safety and security of our streets and public places. Street lighting is mainly used in highways and roadways in order to illuminate the driving route safe and convenient in night. Various types of street lighting are incandescent light, fluorescent light, mercury vapor light, metal halide light, induction light, solar light, high pressure sodium light and light-emitting diode (LED). Apart from highways street light is also used in commercial, industrial and residential purpose mainly in garden, hotels and bridge. Investment by multinational companies on street light in design, production and application helps in the growth of street lighting market.

Dental crowns and bridges are fixed prosthetics devices used to restore teeth size, strength, and shape. Dental crown and bridges also helps in improving teeth appearance. Dental crowns and bridges are made of ceramic or porcelain material. Dental crowns and bridges are also made of other materials such as gold, titanium, metal alloy and acrylic. Dental crowns are used to protect a weak tooth, restore a broken tooth, to cover dental implants and to cover and support a tooth with a large filling. In addition, dental bridges are used to maintain the shape of face, restore ability to chew and speak, and prevent remaining teeth from shifting out of position. These are mounted onto existing teeth by a dentist. Dentists support dental crown and bridge therapies due to their comfort and expertise with performing these restorations.

Sports medicines refer to a field of medicines, involved with treatment and prevention of injuries or disorders that are caused by participation in sports and exercise. European sports medicines market is growing at the significant rate due to increasing incidence of sport injuries and rising government funding in this field. In addition, various organizations such as the European College of Sports and Exercise Physicians and the European Federation of Sports Medicine (EFSM), are working closely to spread awareness about sport injuries and their treatment procedures in the European society. Implants such as artificial knee, meniscus and cartilage may be used for bone and cartilage reconstruction. Ligament and tendon surgeries are the most common type of sports injury surgeries that involve strains, cramps, sprains, tendon tear, ligament tear and muscle tears. On the basis of type of products, the European sports medicines market can be segmented into arthroscopy devices, braces, prosthetics, artificial joint implants, orthobiologics, fracture repair devices and performance monitoring devices.

Botanical drugs are those drugs which are derived from medicinal plants. Plant derived drugs are combination of botanical as well as other approved drugs that contains plant materials, synthetic and semi synthetic substances. Botanical drugs consist of vegetable material, algae and macroscopic fungi. They are used in treatment of various diseases, such as central nervous system disorders, cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases and respiratory diseases. Botanical drugs are available in various forms, such as pills, tablets, capsules and injections. Botanical drugs, such as aescin, adoniside, atropine and berberine, are derived from plants. These drugs are used as an important component of traditional medicine and therapies, such as homeopathy and ayurvedic medicines. Some of the major classes of plant drugs are terpenes, steroids, glycosides and phenols.

Biopharmaceuticals are medicinal drugs produced by using biotechnology methods, such as isolation from living organisms (human, animal and microorganism) and by the use of recombinant DNA technology. Moreover, it is also produced by using transgenic organisms, particularly animals and plant that have been genetically modified to produce drugs.

A clinical decision support system is a part of clinical knowledge management technologies. It is an application which is used to analyze data to help healthcare providers make clinical decisions. A clinical decision support system can be used by nurses, physicians and healthcare providers to prepare and review diagnosis for improving final outcomes. These systems are designed to incorporate patient data and medical knowledge base. There are two types of clinical decision support systems, first is knowledge base decision support systems and the other is without knowledge based decision support systems. Knowledge based decision support systems implement rules to patient data with the help of inference engine and demonstrate the results to the end user. Whereas, without knowledge based decision support systems depend on machine learning to analyze the clinical data.