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Diabetes is the chronic condition associated with abnormally high level of glucose in the blood. Insufficient or non production of insulin in pancreas causes diabetes. Globally, the incidence of diabetes is increasing significantly and it is becoming a major burden. According to World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 221 million people are suffering from diabetes. There are large numbers of blood glucose lowering drugs. Saxagliptin is an oral anti-diabetic agent known as DPP IV inhibitor. DDP IV inhibitor is an enzyme helps in suppressing the release of glucagon. Saxagliptin is used for medication of diabetes, as to boost the amount of insulin in the body produced after meal. Saxagliptin is marketed under the brand name Onglyza. Saxagliptin acts on natural hormone in the body known as incretins. Saxagliptin has various side effects such as headache, urinary tract infection, upper respiratory tract infection and nasopharyngitis. Saxagliptin can also cause complications such as stroke and heart attack.

Medical flat panel detector is used for projection of radiographic or fluoroscopic medical diagnosis. Medical flat panel detector composed of sheet of glass covered with amorphous silicon. Medical flat panel detector provides superior image quality, high sensitivity, low noise, reduces image lag, immediate capture of image, lower radiation dose to patient and high resolution of image. Medical flat panel detector works on technologies such as indirect conversion of X-rays to light and direct conversion of X-rays into charge. Medical flat panel detectors are used in veterinary, mammography, cardiac angiographic imaging, scientific instrumentation, bone densinometry, tomosynthesis, radiation therapy, radio-surgery for oncology treatment and industrial non destructive testing applications.

Sodium reduction is reduction of salt content from the food products. Sodium reduction ingredients are used for reducing salt content from the food products either by replacing the salt from the food or partially reducing the excess salt from the food products. Sodium reducing ingredients plays vital role in food additives industry. Sodium is an essential nutrient that our body requires for proper functioning. However, excess amount of sodium intake can lead to high blood pressure (hypertension). High blood pressure can lead to stokes, heart and kidney diseases. According to Federal, Provincial and Territorial (FPT) governments people in Canada eat more than required amount of sodium, almost double than what our body requires. Average sodium requirement of the body for proper functioning is 2300 mg of sodium per day.

Disposable product is designed for a single use after which it is recycled or disposed as solid waste. Disposables are generally made from paper, plastic and polystyrene foam. Disposable can be used only once and helps in reducing food contamination and the spread of diseases. Disposables foodservice products made from plastics and foams include cups, plates, bowls, trays, food containers and cutlery. Plastics are widely used due to its lightweight properties and capacity to holds the temperature of hot or cold food and beverages. The most common types of plastics used for foodservice packaging is polystyrene. Disposable foodservice products made from paper and paperboard include cups, plates, bowls, napkins, carryout bags, trays, egg cartons, doilies and tray liners.

Lab-on-chips is changing the field of diagnosis. Lab-on-chips is an integrated miniaturized device used to perform laboratory operations on a single micro-process chip in small scale. Lab-on-chip is also known as micro-total analytical system. Lab-on-chips combine microfluidics and microelectronics on a single chip to perform complex tests. Lab-on-chip has its main application in biotechnological and medical applications. Lab-on-chip is used in the application of microfluidic-chip-based technologies such as medical diagnostics, chemical synthesis and the study of complex cellular process. Lab-on-chips helps in providing quick diagnosis.

North America has largest pet food market and an impressive pet population. According to The US National Council on Pet Population Study and Policy, in 2013, around 83.3 million dogs and 95.6 million cats owned by US households and this figure will increase over the forecasted period. Pet foods are mainly sold in pet stores and supermarkets. Pet foods are mainly packaged in boxes or cartons, cans, pouches, bags and others. Bags are the most commonly packaging type used for pet food in the U.S. In the U.S. quality of pet food is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Pet food market can be segmented into pet type: cat food, dog food and others. On the basis of food type pet food market can be segmented into: Nutritious food, dry food, wet or canned food and snacks or treats and others. Cat food and dog food represent the largest category of the U.S. pet food market. Dry food is the largest segment of pet food market followed by snacks or treats.

Cataract refers to an eye disease in which eye lens becomes cloudy or opaque, which results decrease in vision. Cataract surgery is a procedure to remove natural lens of the eye with an artificial lens. Cataract surgery is used to treat clouded lens (cataract) from the eye. Rise in aging population and increasing adoption of femtosecond lasers for cataract surgery are some of the key factors which drive the growth of the femtosecond lasers for cataract surgery market. Femtosecond lasers for cataract surgery provide surgeons a safety and improved surgical precision. Some of the signs and symptoms of cataract are blurred vision, dull color vision, double vision in one eye, difficult with glare and increased nearsightedness.

Private healthcare is referred as privately funded healthcare facility. Private healthcare has various sectors such as acute medical care, private medical insurance, long term care, psychiatric care and primary care. Private healthcare is funded by private medical insurance policies and by out of pocket expenditure. Long term care healthcare sector is the largest sector in the private healthcare market. The private healthcare sector varies with size and responsibilities in various countries. In many countries, private healthcare sector is extremely fragmented. Private healthcare sector has many small practices owned by healthcare professionals. In addition, private healthcare sector is becoming corporate.

A dispersant or dispersing agent (also known as plasticizer or supper plasticizer) is mostly surface active material or sometimes it can be a non-surface active polymer added to a suspension typically a colloid for enhance separation of particles and to prevent the process of thickening or clumping in the suspension. Dispersing agents include mixture of various chemicals such acrylic acid, polycarboxylate, lignosulfonates, and napthalene sulfonate.

Pharmaceutical sector is growing at a significant rate globally due to increase in the prevalence of diseases, rise in aging population and improvement in the healthcare facilities. Gastrointestinal drugs may be classified on the basis of different active ingredients used in it. Antidiarrheal drugs refer to a class of drugs that are used to treat diarrhea. Antidiarrheal drugs market is growing at a significant rate globally due to increasing incidence of diarrhea and growing awareness in this field.