Telomeres….What are they and why are they important? Telomeres are a protective coating found on the end of chromosomes, much like the plastic tip of shoelaces, that shield and prevent chromosomes from fraying and sticking together. They are important because they are thought to control the aging process in humans. And, while telomeres naturally shorten with age, it is thought that they tend to shorten more slowly in healthy people. Telomeres that are frayed or shortened by reckless lifestyles can cause cells to die, accelerating the aging process and making the body more vulnerable to shorter lifespans and a higher risk for disease, including heart disease, cancer, stroke and diabetes. Experts agree that consuming a healthy diet, losing excess fat and reducing stress levels can protect telomeres and influence how quickly they are shortened.